{"id":181,"date":"2018-08-18T20:17:00","date_gmt":"2018-08-18T20:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.knopedia.com\/medhat-sale\/"},"modified":"2025-05-06T04:50:40","modified_gmt":"2025-05-06T03:50:40","slug":"medhat-saleh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/evobiography.com\/ar\/medhat-saleh\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u062f\u062d\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d Medhat Saleh"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0645\u062f\u062d\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d (Medhat Saleh)\u060c \u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f 2 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1960 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629: Medhat Saleh
\n\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u062f\u062d\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d
\n\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629
\n\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0635\u0631
\n\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629
\n\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645
\n\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f: 2 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1960
\n\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631
\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631: 64 \u0633\u0646\u0629 (\u0641\u064a 2025)
\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643\u064a: \u0628\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0631\u0628
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629: \u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644
\n\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0648\u062c
\n\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0627<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632
\n\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629: \u0634\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/a>\u060c \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a<\/a>\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0627<\/a> (\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629)
\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621: \u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0622\u062f\u0645
\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/h2>\n

\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0645\u062f\u062d\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d (Medhat Saleh) \u0641\u064a \u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645 2 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1960 \u0628\u062d\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0641\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644. \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 (\u0623\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629). \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u063a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f) \u0643\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647. \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0643) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1981. \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1993 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646. \u062b\u0645 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a (\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a) \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062f\u062d\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647: \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0632\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u064a\u0643 (1981). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0647 (1984). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0649 (1985). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u063a\u0646\u064a (1986). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u062d \u0627\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 (1987). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a (1988). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u0624\u0644\u0624 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a<\/a> (1988). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a\u0646\u064a (1989). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 (1990). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f (1992). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u0648\u0639 (1992). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646 (1993). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631<\/a> (1994). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 (1994). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0642 \u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 (1994). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0644\u0628\u0649 (1995). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627 (1997). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0649 (1999). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a (2000). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0634 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f (2005). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643 (2005). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a- \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a> (2006). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0628\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0631 (2008). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0631 (2008). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0643 (2009). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627<\/a> (2012). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0649 (2015). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 – \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a> (2018). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 (2019). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 (2019). \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 (2021).<\/p>\n

\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062d\u062a \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627: \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 ( \u0644\u0624\u0644\u0624 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0641) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1989 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629\u00a0\u0645\u062f\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0627<\/a> \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 (\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0631) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1993 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0631<\/a> \u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631<\/a>. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 (\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1995 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u062e\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u0646\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/a>. \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 (\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u0627) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1998 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0631<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/a> \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649<\/a> \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627) \u0639\u0627\u0645 2006 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0632\u0643\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 (\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629) \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0642<\/a> \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/a> \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0631<\/a> \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645. \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 (\u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a) \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643<\/a> \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0644\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627: \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 (\u0625\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1995 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645<\/a>. \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629) \u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a01996 \u0645\u0639\u00a0\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/a> \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0633) \u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a02001\u00a0\u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u064a<\/a>. \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 (\u0643\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0628) \u0639\u0627\u0645 2003 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a<\/a> (\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629) \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631<\/a> (\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629). \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 (\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628) \u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a02005 \u0645\u0639\u00a0\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631<\/a> \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649<\/a> \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627:\u00a0\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0629 (\u0642\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0633\u0644) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1997 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647<\/a> \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a<\/a>. \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0627) \u0639\u0627\u0645 1994 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647<\/a>\u00a0 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u0643\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0629 (\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0639\u0648) \u0639\u0627\u0645 2002 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643<\/a> \u0648\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0642 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n

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